The big band era brought jazz to it's highest heights of popularity. Many stars ascended during the big band era (Duke Ellington, Count Basie, Benny Goodman, Frank Sinatra) while other stars were rekindled (Louis Armstrong). Along the way, some of the fundamental elements of jazz were being downplayed. Improvisation was taking a back-seat to group arrangements. Younger musicians, frustrated with the constraints of playing in the big bands, sought a new path...
Please read the NEA essay about the move to modernism in Jazz
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